Intrauterine Device (IUD)
An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small T-shaped contraceptive device inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancies. It is a long term, reversible birth control with high effectiveness. It works by preventing sperm from fertilizing the egg.
Doctor's
Notes
Since IUDs are long-term contraceptives that requires a procedure, they’re often chosen by people who feel very clear about their current needs and preferences. They stay in the body for several years, so if you’re still exploring your sexual health and figuring out what works best for you, you may want to look into other methods that are easier to start or stop.
Types of IUDs
These IUDs do not release any hormones, but rather copper ions into the body, which effectively and safely creates an environment that are toxic to sperm cells. Effective for up to 10 years, Copper IUDs are also offered as emergency contraception in the country.
These IUDs produce a synthetic hormone called levonorgestrel. By mimicking progesterone, it aims to suppress ovulation by triggering the body’s natural responses. Depending on the specific brand, Hormonal IUDs can be effective for 3 to 5 years.
How it Works
Upon insertion, an IUD provides continuous contraception without requiring daily or monthly maintenance. The procedure in inserting the IUD, which is administered by a healthcare provider, is done through the following steps:
To reduce cramping or pain during the procedure, the client is advised to take a pain reliever 30 minutes before the procedure. A pelvic examination is done to check and rule out possible infections.
The healthcare provider accesses the cervix using a speculum, a tool that helps dilate the walls of the vagina.
The IUD is then placed into the uterus using a thin applicator. The string of the IUD is then cut.
About 3 cm of the string is then purposely left hanging out of the cervix. This string is made for easier removal, if needed, and for checking if the IUD is still in proper place.
To make sure that the device remains in its place and functions properly, occasional check-ups are needed. This is especially true since IUDs are long-term contraceptives and require monitoring by a healthcare provider from time-to-time.
Common
side effects
Some people feel mild pelvic discomfort right after an IUD is inserted, but it usually goes away quickly. Rare risks include the IUD moving out of place (called expulsion), infection, or in very rare cases, it may puncture the uterus (called perforation). These are very uncommon, and most people use IUDs without any issues.